Although there are different perspectives on the field of autonomy, many researchers agree that autonomy plays the most important role in acquiring authentic language (Benson, 2011). Learner autonomy is essential in both formal and informal learning environments. This paper discusses research on technology and learner autonomy, as well as findings from research on learner engagement in technology-enhanced language learning contexts. In particular, the paper investigates both teacher-led
technology-enhanced in formal learning environments and learners' self-directed learning experiences in
informal learning and ends with concluding remarks.
